Makyneia

Ancient Makyneia is one of the most important ancient cities of the region

Acropolis and fortifications

The secluded, walled citadel was built, according to the archaeological data, probably in the 3rd century BC. on the plateau named Palaiokastro at the end of mount Tafiassos (Paliovouna) in order to control the south and west sides of the plain where present-day villages Makyneia and Riza are located. The Acropolis had an exceptional overview of the straits of Rio-Antirio and Achaia. The citadel’s fortifications, particularly strong in antiquity, are approximately 377m. long, and fortify the flat hilltop of a surface of about 8.800 m2. The fortifications consist of a double wall. The exterior surfaces of the wall were constructed of roughly processed stone blocks from local gray-green sandstone. The interior was filled with rubble limestone without mortar or earthen filling. The wall is reinforced by 8 towers, 2 fortification protrusions and 4 gates, of which the main one is located on the eastern side. The architectural findings located so far within the acropolis have been identified either as private establishments for times of siege, or as arsenals or, finally, as military quarters.

The theater

Outside the citadel, at the southeastern side of the hill there is a small theater, used probably also as a bouleuterion. It is formed of a bow-shaped orchestra without drainage trench, a narrow koilon (cavea) and 14 rows of seats without stairs. Officials and acknowledged audience used to seat at the northern side of the orchestra. Before them, preserved in place today, there was the stone throne of the honored person. Thus, the officials were able to see the acts on stage as well as the audience. The stage was located at the eastern side of the theatre; however it has been significantly damaged due to the steep slope. At a short distance north of the theatr the archaeological research revealed an amphiprostyle temple of large dimensions (17.20 X5 80m.) lacking, however, evidence about the deity worshipped there. Recent excavations at the foot of the hill revealed part of the ancient settlement. Today the ancient theater of Makyneia hosts series of ancient drama performances during the summer.